Historic Walpole
Walpole’s Namesake and Sir Robert Walpole
Sir Robert Walpole, England’s first prime minister was appreciated by many colonists for maintaining economic stability in the colonies and keeping the peace or at least not interfering. And so, in 1724 the town was named after him, although Sir Robert never set foot in the colonies and may have been unaware of the honor. For lots more on Sir Robert Walpole who was rather a controversial character in England see Michael LePage’s portrayal and lecture on Walpole.
The Neponset River and Walpole’s Industries
Industries thrived in Walpole because of the Neponset River which begins in Foxborough, enters South Walpole and then travels the length of Walpole, exiting in East Walpole. The river falls steadily (drops in altitude) through the town; therefore, seventeen dams could be constructed along the course, each powering one or more mills. Each dam site is a privilege, a legally granted right to dam up the water.
Walpole grew as an industrial mill town thanks to the Neponset. Over the years, there were 100s of industries on the river and some tributaries. The two largest businesses that survived into the later 20th century were Bird and Son in East Walpole specializing in building paper, and materials and Kendall Company which made cotton products including medical supplies. One Walpole mill still manufactures products: Hollingsworth and Vose which makes specialty papers.
For much more on each privilege or dam and the many associated industries go on our driving tour of town. At each site is a detailed historical sign.
Industry and Contributions of Immigrants
The mill owners were important but the 1000s of mill employees were even more so. Running a mill is impossible without labor. As Walpole’s industries grew, more and more people were needed and immigrants were welcomed to settle. At first, they were mostly English, Canadian, Irish, Scandinavian and German immigrants and then Italians and Eastern Europeans.
Walpole Maps of Interest
